Cov yasyog tsim los ntawm polymers, tab sis qee cov polymers zoo li biopolymers tsis yog yas.Cov ntaub ntawv yas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub xws li khoos phis tawj, cwj mem, xov tooj ntawm tes, compact discs, pendrive, thiab txhuam hniav thiab lwm yam.Plastic yog txhais tau tias yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws lossis semi-synthetic organic uas tuaj yeem tsim los yog molded rau hauv txhua daim ntawv.Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov yas muaj xws li chains ntawm carbon, oxygen, sulfur los yog nitrogen.
Keeb kwm ntawm cov yas
Nyob rau hauv 1284 ib txwm ua yas tebchaw los ntawm lub horn thiab tortoiseshell tau txheeb xyuas 1820 yas ncua sij hawm nyob rau hauv 1823, Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh nrhiav tau roj hmab.In 1845, Henry Bewley tau tsim cov roj hmab ntuj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag gutta perchaIn 1850, thawj submarine telegraph cable nyob rau hauv gutta perchaaid 1850. Nyob rau hauv 1869, John W. Hyatt invented Celluloid [cov khoom tsis muaj xim tsis muaj xim] Xyoo 1872, Hyatt cov kwv tij tau patented thawj cov yas txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab hauv xyoo 1880 cellulose nitrate hloov horn li cov khoom nyiam rau George8 combs, hauv 1880. Eastman Kodak patents tshuab rau kev tsim cov duab thaij duab tas li raws li cellulose nitrate.1900 lub sijhawm yas hauv xyoo 1908, Jacques E. Brandenberger tau tsim Cellophane [pob tshab cellulose khoom] Xyoo 1909, Casein plastics, muab los ntawm cov mis nyuj, tsim los ntawm Erinoid.In 1909, H. Tsim thawj cov khoom siv hluavtaws hluavtaws hu ua BakeliteIn 1916, Rolls Royce pib siv phenol formaldehyde hauv nws lub tsheb sab hauv.In 1920, Polyvinyl chloride lossis PVC tau tsim. Hauv xyoo 1925, lub sijhawm yas tau tsim. Los ntawm 3M tuam txhab xyoo 1933, Fawcett thiab Gibson pom cov khoom siv polyethylene Hauv xyoo 1938, thawj txhuam hniav nrog nylons tufts tsim.In 1939, xyoo no nylon tsim.In 1942, Dr Harry Coover nrhiav tau Super Glue (methyl cyanoacrylate). styrene (ABS) tsim nyob rau hauv 1949, Tupperware khoom ua los ntawm tsawg ntom polyethylene.In 1949, DuPont invented Lycra cov khoom uas yog raws li polyurethane.In 1953, Lexan yas khoom yog tsim los ntawm Daniel Fox.In 1959 Barbie Doll unveiled ntawm American International Xyoo 1965 DuPont tau tso tawm cov khoom lag luam nrog lub npe lag luam ntawm Kevlar.In 1973, Polyethylene terephthalate dej haus fwj tau qhia.In 1988, daim duab peb sab rov ua dua cov cim ntsig txog plastics tau qhia. system] tau tsim xyoo 2005 hauv lub xyoo no NASA tshawb txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv polyethylene RFX1 [RFX1 siv rau kev tsim kho lub nkoj] Xyoo 2011, vinylplus - kev txhawb nqa kev ruaj ntseg tsim nyob rau xyoo 2012 PVC ntaub siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm London Olympic venues2020 PVC khoom ntau lawm yuav ncav cuag 800,000 tones ib xyoo 2022 xyoo no FIFA ntiaj teb khob qatar showcase chaw ntau pob yog npaj siv super reflective, triangulated PVC ntaub los tsim ib tug xoom carbon.
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov yas
Kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv raw Preparation ntawm monomerPolymerization txheej txheem Hloov ntawm polymer resins rau cov khoom yas
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv polymer resins rau cov khoom yas hauv qab no tau koom nrog
ExtrusionInjection moldingBlow moldingRotational molding
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-24-2017