Adsorption yog adhesion ntawm ions los yog molecules mus rau saum npoo ntawm lwm theem.Adsorption yuav tshwm sim ntawm physisorption thiab chemisorption.Ions thiab molecules tuaj yeem adsorb rau ntau hom chaw xws li cov chaw polymer.Ib tug polymer yog ib tug loj molecule tsim los ntawm rov qab subunits ua ke los ntawm covalent bonds.Lub adsorption ntawm ions thiab molecules rau polymer nto plays lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv xws li: biomedical, structural, thiab coatings.
PolymerQhov chaw txawv ntawm qhov tsis yog-polymer nto nyob rau hauv uas cov subunits uas ua rau saum npoo yog covalently bonded rau ib leeg.Tsis yog-polymer nto tuaj yeem raug khi los ntawm ionic bonds, metallic bonds lossis intermolecular rog (IMFs).Nyob rau hauv ob qho kev tivthaiv, cov khoom siv tsis yog-polymer tsim thaum muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau ua txhaum tus kheej kev cuam tshuam thiab tsim kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus kheej.Yog li ntawd, lub zog ntawm kev sib xyaw yog qhov zoo.Tus nqi ntawm lub zog no, raws li tau piav qhia los ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm lub ntsej muag, sib txawv rau cov khoom sib txawv.Txawm li cas los xij, nrog cov khoom siv polymer, cov subunits yog covalently bonded ua ke thiab cov theem ntawm cov khoom nto tsis tso cai rau qhov nro ntawm qhov ntsuas ncaj qha.Lub zog sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov loj polymer molecules yog qhov nyuaj rau kev xam thiab tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yooj yim raws li qhov tsis yog-polymer deg molecular kev sib cuam tshuam.[2]Covalently bonded subunits tsim ib tug nto nrog txawv zog piv rau cov uas tsis yog-polymer nto.Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv polymer muaj xws li: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon, polyethylene (PE), thiab polypropylene (PP).Polymer nto tau raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm ntau hom kev kawm, suav nrog: scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, thiab infrared spectroscopy.
Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv muaj cov hlua sib txawv ntawm lawv cov monomers uas tuaj yeem raug them vim yog adsorption lossis dissociation ntawm adsorbates.Piv txwv li, polystyrene sulfonate muaj cov monomers uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov saw hlau uas muaj peev xwm adsorb zoo them adsorbates.Polystyrene sulfonate yuav adsorb zoo dua adsorbate ntau dua li qhov tsis zoo.Hloov pauv, rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, xws li poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride), cov adsorbates tsis zoo yuav raug nyiam heev.
Cov qauv tsim
Advanced polymer composites:Advanced polymer composites yog siv nyob rau hauv lub zog thiab rehabilitation ntawm qub qauv.Cov kev sib xyaw ua ke no tuaj yeem ua tau siv ntau txoj hauv kev xws li prepreg, resin, infusion, filament winding thiab pultrusion.Advanced polymer composites yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub dav hlau qauv thiab lawv cov lag luam loj tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv aerospace thiab tiv thaiv.
Fiber reinforced polymers:Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) feem ntau yog siv los ntawm pej xeem engineers hauv lawv cov qauv.FRPs teb linear-elastically rau axial kev nyuaj siab, ua rau lawv cov khoom zoo los tuav lub nra.FRPs feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv ib tug laminate tsim nrog txhua lamina muaj unidirectional fibers, feem ntau carbon los yog iav, embedded nyob rau hauv ib txheej ntawm lub teeb polymer matrix khoom.FRPs muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Polytetrafluoroethylene:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yog cov khoom siv polymer siv hauv ntau daim ntawv thov suav nrog cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog nplaum, cov khoom zoo nkauj, thiab cov roj nplua nyeem.PTFE yog hydrophobic molecule tsim los ntawm carbon thiab fluorine.Cov pa roj carbon-fluorine bonds ua rau PTFE ua cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj kev sib txhuam, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab tiv taus kev ntxhov siab tawg.Cov khoom no ua rau PTFE tsis-reactive thiab siv nyob rau hauv ib tug dav array ntawm daim ntaub ntawv.
Polymer adsorption nyob rau hauv porous media:Lub cev adsorption thiab mechanical entrapment yog ob qho laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm polymer tuav hauv cov xov xwm ntxeem tau.Tsis tshua muaj polymer tuav nyob rau hauv lub reservoir yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm polymer EOR.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-17-2018