Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm industrialization, kev ua qias tuaj yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau noob neej.Hauv Green tsav, piv txwv li tomake lub ntiaj teb tsis muaj kuab paug, hluav taws xob tshuab siv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.Nuclear hluav taws xob tau ua rau nws nkag mus rau ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj.'Polymerisation', 'grafting' thiab 'kho', tag nrho cov txheej txheem tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw polymer, tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob.Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog nyiam dua lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim qee qhov laj thawj, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv loj nrog rau cov khoom zoo tuaj yeem tswj tau, txuag hluav taws xob nrog rau cov peev txheej, cov txheej txheem huv, automation thiab txuag tib neeg cov peev txheej thiab lwm yam.Apart from no, hluav taws xob yog kuj yog ib tug zoo sterilizing txheej txheem dua lwm cov pa sterilizing cov txheej txheem.Lawv radiation ntawm polymers tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw.Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no, kev saib xyuas tau tsom mus rau plaub ntu, piv txwv li biomedical, textile, hluav taws xob thiab membrane technology.
Los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm pob zeb thiab hlau, peb tau los txog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm nuclear zog thiab polymers.Tseeb, peb nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm polymers.Tias yog vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tau hu lub sijhawm no li 'polymeric age'.Hauv txhua kauj ruam ntawm peb lub neej niaj hnub, peb tuaj hla txhua yam, uas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb polymer.Kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymers hauv lub neej txhua hnub nyob rau ob peb lub xyoo dhau los no tau lees paub tias yog ib qho koob hmoov sib xyaw los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws tshaj lij.Txawm hais tias pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm chemistry tau sai heev thiab daim ntawv thov thiaj li muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ntau yam, uas cov txheej txheem polymer muaj ntau heev.
Peb lub xyoo dhau los kuj tau pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm nuclear hluav taws xob ua lub zog muaj zog rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg.Yog li, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw lag luam.Qhov tseeb tias hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis ua kom puas cov kab mob microorganisms tau coj mus rau kev siv hluav taws xob loj rau ntau yam kev lag luam.Nuclear hluav taws xob yog ionising, uas nyob rau hauv txoj kev, muab ions zoo, dawb electrons, dawb radicals thiab zoo siab molecules.Kev ntes ntawm electronsby molecules kuj tuaj yeem ua rau anions.Yog li, tag nrho cov kab mob reactive yuav muaj rau tus kws kho mob ua si nrog.
Radiation-raws li txheej txheem muaj ntau yam zoo dua li lwm txoj hauv kev.Rau kev pib txheej txheem, hluav taws xob txawv ntawm cov tshuaj pib.Hauv kev ua hluav taws xob, tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv ntxiv los pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.Feem ntau nrog cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob, kev nqus ntawm lub zog los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha polymer pib ua cov txheej txheem dawb radical.Nrog rau kev pib tshuaj lom neeg, cov dawb radicals tau coj los ntawm kev decomposition ntawm tus pib mus rau hauv cov khoom tawg, uas tom qab ntawd tawm tsam lub hauv paus polymer ua rau cov dawb radicals.Sakurada [1] piv cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob txoj kev thiab kwv yees tias tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov pib radicals yog tsim nyob rau hauv chav tsev lub sij hawm nrog ib tug hluav taws xob koob tshuaj ntawm 1 rad / s los yog ib tug chemicalinitiator, xws li benzoyl peroxide, ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm.01 M yog siv. .Kev pib tshuaj lom yog li cas los ntawm qhov concentration thiab purity ntawm cov pib.Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua hluav taws xob, cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sib txawv thiab yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo dua.Tsis zoo li txoj kev pib tshuaj lom neeg, cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob kuj tsis muaj paug.Chemicalinitiation feem ntau coj teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm lub zos overheating ntawm tus pib.Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob vim, tsim cov dawb radical qhov chaw ntawm lub polymer tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis isonly nyob ntawm qhov nqus ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov polymer matrix, yog li ntawd, hluav taws xob ua yog kub ywj siab lossis, hauv lwm lo lus, peb yuav hais tias nws yog ib tug zeroactivation zog txheej txheem rau pib.
Raws li tsis muaj catalyst los yog additives yuav tsum tau, lub purity ntawm cov txheej txheem cov khoom yuav tsum tau khaws cia.Withradiation ua, qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo dua.Cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob kuj tseem muaj peev xwm ntawm kev pib hauv cov khoom substrates.Cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob.
Nuclear hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, txawm li cas los xij, kim heev txawm tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev coj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.Chav tsev nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob teeb tsa yog ntau dua li cov pa hluav taws xob cua sov lossis hluav taws xob.Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb no, kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau ua pov thawj nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab nws cov nqi siv tau zoo hauv ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg ntawm lwm hom hluav taws xob xws li tshav kub lossis hluav taws xob.Cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hais txog lub zog thiab xav tau tsuas yog qhov chaw me me los teeb tsa.
Daim ntawv thov hluav taws xob ntawm cov polymers tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, xws li bio-kev kho mob, textile, hluav taws xob, membrane, cement, txheej, roj hmab khoom, log tsheb thiab log, ua npuas ncauj, khau, luam ntawv yob, aerospace thiab tshuaj industries.Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas no, kev saib xyuas yog tsom rau feem ntau ntawm plaub ntu: biomedical, textile, hluav taws xob thiab membrane technologies.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-12-2020